Creating Electronic ECOWAS with Global University System

  • Description
  • SDGs & Targets
  • SDG 14 targets covered
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Description

Description

This initiative will educate and foster logical thinking for social justice, the central concept of democracy, among future policy makers with the combined use of qualitative and quantitative analyses for decision-making. This initiative framework will also enact the bottom-up participatory democracy and global collaboration through the Internet. It will then ultimately contribute to sustainability and mitigation of climate change and will help resolve international conflict issues by transforming adversaries to collaborators for confrontation-prone problems.

Implementation of the Project/Activity

We submitted our grant application ($1 million for 3 years) to the 2017 Powering the Future We Want Program of the United Nations/Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN-DESA) in June 2017.

As soon as we have secured this funding, we will conduct a planning workshop at (1) Columbia University, (2) Stevens Institute of Technology and (3) the United Nations Headquarters in New York City area to organize this initiative on a global scale.

Subsequently, we will send a mission team to participating ECOWAS countries for fact-finding on e-learning and e-healthcare possibilities. On this occasion, our colleagues will hold their planning workshop and will have a seminar on system dynamics methodology by an expert from the Millennium Institute in Washington, DC. They will assign task-team members for each of Sustainable Development Goals who will construct their simulation model of those sectors. We plan the following activities for each of the ECOWAS countries; starting with Nigeria, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Benin, Sierra Leon, etc.

(1) Facts-finding trip by a mission team with experts from the USA,
(2) Planning workshops in the US and participating ECOWAS countries,
(3) Training seminar on systems dynamics simulation modeling,
(4) Planning on global e-learning and e-healthcare,
(5) Guidance to obtain Japanese ODA funding, etc.

During the project phase, we will conduct the following for ECOWAS colleagues close collaboration and assistance on their model construction, report writing, etc.

(a) Global Lecture Hall (GLH) among participating parties every 2 months,
(b) Intensive use of Google/Discussion System.

Columbia University uses qualitative (role-playing) normative gaming in international political science. We will produce one educational simulation system package by combining the qualitative role-playing negotiation with a quantitative (model-based) simulation. This combined use will be a significant paradigm shift in the international political science field with the fusion of humanity and science education. We will transplant this procedure to the University of Port Harcourt in Nigeria, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) in Kumasi, Ghana, and University of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso, as well as other ECOWAS countries. Then we will conduct the inter-linkages of models among ECOWAS countries as forming Electronic ECOWAS and later among Nile River basin countries, thus forming the "Electronic African Union", which eventually will be enlarged to the Electronic United Nations.

Capacity

The overall goal is to transfer knowledge, innovation, and edge-cutting technology from the developed world to remote and poor countries where the lack of knowledge is inhibiting economic development and perpetuating rampant poverty, tenuous economic growth, and even poor access to basic healthcare services. The learning and mastery of innovative technologies will endow the countries, researchers as well as the farmers, industrialists, and traders with the insight needed to thrive in a more competitive economy. Production will increase, income will rise, and poverty will decline if not be eradicated. A higher income means better access to education, more opportunities for decent jobs, and an improved access to healthcare benefits for all. <br />
<br />
In spite of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions causing climate change, global cooperation has not yet produced tangible results. We need a significant transition from fossil fuels to renewable resources. Major reasons for slow progress in reducing GHG emissions and increasing use of renewable resources for power generation and transport are the lack of leadership and the framework based on the universally shared rational decision-making skills needed among national and global policy-makers. Without these skills, the policies to cope with climate change are likely to be inconsistent, conflicting, and uncooperative. Creating the leadership and the framework that promote rational decision-making is urgent and indispensable. This initiative will develop the appropriate leadership among current and future policy-makers and the required framework for their collaboration. <br />
<br />
However, most nations need to significantly improve their pledges (which were submitted at the 2015 IPCC in Paris), and this will require rigorous simulation studies (*), to meet their SDGs. This needs transparent global cooperation with collective and shared responsibilities in a democratic fashion. The ultimate education goal is How to prepare for the emergence of society with no greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by the end of this century. <br />
(*) With use of integrated SDG &lt;http://www.isdgs.org/ - !documentation/kri3x&gt;<br />
<br />
Each country final report will become the basis of funding request to the Japan ODA fund. On August 28, 2016 Mr. Abe, Prime Minister of Japan, at the TICAD VI in Nairobi Kenya, pledged US $30 billion, which includes funding for the capacity building of 10 million Africans. <br />
<br />
References <br />
&lt;http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/africa/ticad/&gt;. <br />
&lt;http://www.mofa.go.jp/files/000006375.pdf&gt;<br />

Governed

We initiated globalization of Internet, deregulated telecom policies for the use of text, audio and video, contributed to the digital signal processing through the Internet in early 1970s, and also initiated broadband Internet with optical fiber in 1980s, thus enabled billion people to use Internet and cell phones around the world. Dr. Thomas Mensah and Prof. Victor Lawrence (both Ghanaian) are inducted to the Hall of Fame of the National Academy of Inventors the former for invention of fast extrusion of optical fiber and the latter for contribution of digital signal transmission through Internet.<br />
<br />
We pioneered the use of the Global Lecture Hall (GLH) videoconference with hybrid technology of satellite and Internet, spanning the globe by connecting many universities from Melbourne to Moscow in the 1980s and 1990s. The GLH events initiated global e-learning and e-healthcare movements. We helped initiate GLORIAD broadband Internet connecting several hundred higher education and advanced research institutions in northern hemisphere ($300 million). We then interconnected GLORIAD with ACE optical submarine cable around the west coast of Africa ($700 million) enabling Africans to access all the linked institutions.<br />
<br />
We are the worlds-longest running list service provider according to the World Bank. We now have Google list serving more than 5,000 members.<br />
<br />
With funding from the World Bank, we created the Global University System (GUS) at the University of Tampere, Finland in the summer of 1999. This is now a part of the UNESCO/UNITWIN/Networking Chair Program. Prof. Tapio Varis, who was the Rector of the UN University of Peace in Costa Rica, administers the GUS Chair.<br />
<br />
We assign a major education and healthcare institution in each country as a hub of the GUS consortium of their country. We empower higher education institutions as key drivers for coordinating and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The institutions will construct system dynamics simulation models of each sector of the SDGs by the experts of those sectors. The models will then be interconnected to form a comprehensive socio-economic-energy-environmental simulation model of their country. We will use the system dynamics solver of the Center for Understanding Change (C4UC) and/or NASAs open sourcetechnology Distributed Observer Network (DON) which was developed to support Space exploration as appropriate to collaborative communication among ECOWAS members participating in NASAs Simulation Exploration Experience (SEE) in international inter-university collaboration for its mission to champion and create collegiate-level modeling and simulation education.<br />

Partners

University of Tampere (Finland),
Stevens Institute of Technology (USA),
Columbia University (USA),
Millennium Institute (USA),
Energy Mentors International LLC (USA),
GLObal Systems Analysis and Simulation Association in the U.S.A. (GLOSAS/USA),
Mayo Clinic (USA),
Simulation Exploration Experience (SEE) & Center for Life Cycle Design at National Center for Simulation of National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) (USA)
University of Port Harcourt (Nigeria),
Walter Ollor Foundation (Nigeria),
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (Ghana),
University of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

Goal 7

By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services

Proportion of population with access to electricity

Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology

By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix

Renewable energy share in the total final energy consumption

By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency

Energy intensity measured in terms of primary energy and GDP

By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology

International financial flows to developing countries in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems

By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States, and land-locked developing countries, in accordance with their respective programmes of support

Installed renewable energy-generating capacity in developing countries (in watts per capita)

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

Goal 9

Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all

Proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road

Passenger and freight volumes, by mode of transport

Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030, significantly raise industry's share of employment and gross domestic product, in line with national circumstances, and double its share in least developed countries

Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP and per capita

Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment

Increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises, in particular in developing countries, to financial services, including affordable credit, and their integration into value chains and markets

Proportion of small-scale industries in total industry value added

Proportion of small-scale industries with a loan or line of credit

By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries taking action in accordance with their respective capabilities

CO2 emission per unit of value added

Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending

Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP

Researchers (in full-time equivalent) per million inhabitants

Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and technical support to African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States

Total official international support (official development assistance plus other official flows) to infrastructure

Support domestic technology development, research and innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities

Proportion of medium and high-tech industry value added in total value added

Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in least developed countries by 2020

Proportion of population covered by a mobile network, by technology

Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

Goal 4

By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes

Proportion of children and young people: (a) in grades 2/3; (b) at the end of primary; and (c) at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in (i) reading and (ii) mathematics, by sex

Completion rate (primary education, lower secondary education, upper secondary education)

By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary education

Proportion of children aged 24–59 months who are developmentally on track in health, learning and psychosocial well-being, by sex

Participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age), by sex

By 2030, ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education, including university

Participation rate of youth and adults in formal and non-formal education and training in the previous 12 months, by sex

By 2030, substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, for employment, decent jobs and entrepreneurship

Proportion of youth and adults with information and communications technology (ICT) skills, by type of skill

By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations

Parity indices (female/male, rural/urban, bottom/top wealth quintile and others such as disability status, indigenous peoples and conflict-affected, as data become available) for all education indicators on this list that can be disaggregated

By 2030, ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults, both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy

Percentage of population in a given age group achieving at least a fixed level of proficiency in functional (a) literacy and (b) numeracy skills, by sex

By 2030, ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including, among others, through education for sustainable development and sustainable lifestyles, human rights, gender equality, promotion of a culture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship and appreciation of cultural diversity and of culture's contribution to sustainable development

Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development, including gender equality and human rights, are mainstreamed at all levels in: (a) national education policies, (b) curricula, (c) teacher education and (d) student assessment

Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all

Proportion of schools offering basic services, by type of service

By 2020, substantially expand globally the number of scholarships available to developing countries, in particular least developed countries, small island developing States and African countries, for enrolment in higher education, including vocational training and information and communications technology, technical, engineering and scientific programmes, in developed countries and other developing countries

Volume of official development assistance flows for scholarships by sector and type of study

By 2030, substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers, including through international cooperation for teacher training in developing countries, especially least developed countries and small island developing States

Proportion of teachers with the minimum required qualifications, by education level

Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

Goal 8

Sustain per capita economic growth in accordance with national circumstances and, in particular, at least 7 per cent gross domestic product growth per annum in the least developed countries

Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita

Achieve higher levels of economic productivity through diversification, technological upgrading and innovation, including through a focus on high-value added and labour-intensive sectors

Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person

Promote development-oriented policies that support productive activities, decent job creation, entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation, and encourage the formalization and growth of micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including through access to financial services

Proportion of informal employment in non‑agriculture employment, by sex

Improve progressively, through 2030, global resource efficiency in consumption and production and endeavour to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, in accordance with the 10-year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production, with developed countries taking the lead

Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP

Domestic material consumption, domestic material consumption per capita, and domestic material consumption per GDP

By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value

Average hourly earnings of female and male employees, by occupation, age and persons with disabilities

Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons with disabilities

By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training

Proportion of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, employment or training

Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms

Proportion and number of children aged 5‑17 years engaged in child labour, by sex and age

Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers, including migrant workers, in particular women migrants, and those in precarious employment

Fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries per 100,000 workers, by sex and migrant status

Level of national compliance with labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation, by sex and migrant status

By 2030, devise and implement policies to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products

Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP and in growth rate

Strengthen the capacity of domestic financial institutions to encourage and expand access to banking, insurance and financial services for all

Number of commercial bank branches and automated teller machines (ATMs) per 100,000 adults

Proportion of adults (15 years and older) with an account at a bank or other financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider

Increase Aid for Trade support for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, including through the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries

Aid for Trade commitments and disbursements

By 2020, develop and operationalize a global strategy for youth employment and implement the Global Jobs Pact of the International Labour Organization

Existence of a developed and operationalized national strategy for youth employment, as a distinct strategy or as part of a national employment strategy

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

Goal 16

Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere

Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100,000 population, by sex and age

Conflict-related deaths per 100,000 population, by sex, age and cause

Proportion of population subjected to (a) physical violence, (b) psychological violence and (c) sexual violence in the previous 12 months

Proportion of population that feel safe walking alone around the area they live

End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children

Proportion of children aged 1–17 years who experienced any physical punishment and/or psychological aggression by caregivers in the past month

Number of victims of human trafficking per 100,000 population, by sex, age and form of exploitation

Proportion of young women and men aged 18–29 years who experienced sexual violence by age 18

Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to justice for all

Proportion of victims of violence in the previous 12 months who reported their victimization to competent authorities or other officially recognized conflict resolution mechanisms

Unsentenced detainees as a proportion of overall prison population

Proportion of the population who have experienced a dispute in the past two years and who accessed a formal or informal dispute resolution mechanism, by type of mechanism

By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime

Total value of inward and outward illicit financial flows (in current United States dollars)

Proportion of seized, found or surrendered arms whose illicit origin or context has been traced or established by a competent authority in line with international instruments

Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms

Proportion of persons who had at least one contact with a public official and who paid a bribe to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials, during the previous 12 months

Proportion of businesses that had at least one contact with a public official and that paid a bribe to a public official, or were asked for a bribe by those public officials during the previous 12 months

Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels

Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget, by sector (or by budget codes or similar)

Proportion of population satisfied with their last experience of public services

Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels

Proportions of positions in national and local institutions, including (a) the legislatures; (b) the public service; and (c) the judiciary, compared to national distributions, by sex, age, persons with disabilities and population groups

Proportion of population who believe decision-making is inclusive and responsive, by sex, age, disability and population group

Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global governance

Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations

By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration

Proportion of children under 5 years of age whose births have been registered with a civil authority, by age

Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements

Number of verified cases of killing, kidnapping, enforced disappearance, arbitrary detention and torture of journalists, associated media personnel, trade unionists and human rights advocates in the previous 12 months

Number of countries that adopt and implement constitutional, statutory and/or policy guarantees for public access to information

Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism and crime

Existence of independent national human rights institutions in compliance with the Paris Principles

Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development

Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights law

Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

Goal 17

Strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through international support to developing countries, to improve domestic capacity for tax and other revenue collection

Total government revenue as a proportion of GDP, by source

Proportion of domestic budget funded by domestic taxes

Developed countries to implement fully their official development assistance commitments, including the commitment by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of ODA/GNI to developing countries and 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of ODA/GNI to least developed countries; ODA providers are encouraged to consider setting a target to provide at least 0.20 per cent of ODA/GNI to least developed countries

Net official development assistance, total and to least developed countries, as a proportion of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee donors' gross national income (GNI)

Mobilize additional financial resources for developing countries from multiple sources

Foreign direct investment, official development assistance and South-South cooperation as a proportion of gross national income

Volume of remittances (in United States dollars) as a proportion of total GDP

Assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt relief and debt restructuring, as appropriate, and address the external debt of highly indebted poor countries to reduce debt distress

Debt service as a proportion of exports of goods and services

Adopt and implement investment promotion regimes for least developed countries

Number of countries that adopt and implement investment promotion regimes for developing countries, including the least developed countries

Enhance North-South, South-South and triangular regional and international cooperation on and access to science, technology and innovation and enhance knowledge sharing on mutually agreed terms, including through improved coordination among existing mechanisms, in particular at the United Nations level, and through a global technology facilitation mechanism

 Fixed Internet broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by speed

Promote the development, transfer, dissemination and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries on favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms, as mutually agreed

Total amount of funding for developing countries to promote the development, transfer, dissemination and diffusion of environmentally sound technologies

Fully operationalize the technology bank and science, technology and innovation capacity-building mechanism for least developed countries by 2017 and enhance the use of enabling technology, in particular information and communications technology

Proportion of individuals using the Internet

Enhance international support for implementing effective and targeted capacity-building in developing countries to support national plans to implement all the sustainable development goals, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation

Dollar value of financial and technical assistance (including through North-South, South‑South and triangular cooperation) committed to developing countries

Promote a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system under the World Trade Organization, including through the conclusion of negotiations under its Doha Development Agenda

Worldwide weighted tariff-average

Significantly increase the exports of developing countries, in particular with a view to doubling the least developed countries' share of global exports by 2020

Developing countries' and least developed countries' share of global exports

Realize timely implementation of duty-free and quota-free market access on a lasting basis for all least developed countries, consistent with World Trade Organization decisions, including by ensuring that preferential rules of origin applicable to imports from least developed countries are transparent and simple, and contribute to facilitating market access

Weighted average tariffs faced by developing countries, least developed countries and small island developing States

Enhance global macroeconomic stability, including through policy coordination and policy coherence

Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development

Number of countries with mechanisms in place to enhance policy coherence of sustainable development

Respect each country's policy space and leadership to establish and implement policies for poverty eradication and sustainable development Multi-stakeholder partnerships

Extent of use of country-owned results frameworks and planning tools by providers of development cooperation

Enhance the global partnership for sustainable development, complemented by multi-stakeholder partnerships that mobilize and share knowledge, expertise, technology and financial resources, to support the achievement of the sustainable development goals in all countries, in particular developing countries

Number of countries reporting progress in multi-stakeholder development effectiveness monitoring frameworks that support the achievement of the sustainable development goals

Encourage and promote effective public, public-private and civil society partnerships, building on the experience and resourcing strategies of partnerships Data, monitoring and accountability

Amount in United States dollars committed to public-private partnerships for infrastructure

By 2020, enhance capacity-building support to developing countries, including for least developed countries and small island developing States, to increase significantly the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender, age, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts

Statistical capacity indicator for Sustainable Development Goal monitoring

Number of countries that have national statistical legislation that complies with the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics

Number of countries with a national statistical plan that is fully funded and under implementation, by source of funding

By 2030, build on existing initiatives to develop measurements of progress on sustainable development that complement gross domestic product, and support statistical capacity-building in developing countries

Dollar value of all resources made available to strengthen statistical capacity in developing countries

Proportion of countries that (a) have conducted at least one population and housing census in the last 10 years; and (b) have achieved 100 per cent birth registration and 80 per cent death registration

Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

Goal 3

By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births

Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel

By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births

Under-five mortality rate

By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases

Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected population, by sex, age and key populations

Tuberculosis incidence per 1,000 population

Malaria incidence per 1,000 population

Hepatitis B incidence per 100,000 population

Number of people requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases

By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being

Mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease

Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol

Coverage of treatment interventions (pharmacological, psychosocial and rehabilitation and aftercare services) for substance use disorders

Harmful use of alcohol, defined according to the national context as alcohol per capita consumption (aged 15 years and older) within a calendar year in litres of pure alcohol

By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents

Death rate due to road traffic injuries

By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes

Proportion of women of reproductive age (aged 15-49 years) who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods

Adolescent birth rate (aged 10-14 years; aged 15-19 years) per 1,000 women in that age group

Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all

Coverage of essential health services (defined as the average coverage of essential services based on tracer interventions that include reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases and service capacity and access, among the general and the most disadvantaged population)

Proportion of population with large household expenditures on health as a share of total household expenditure or income

By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination

Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution

Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (exposure to unsafe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for All (WASH) services)

Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning

Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older

Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all

Proportion of the target population covered by all vaccines included in their national programme

Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health sectors

Proportion of health facilities that have a core set of relevant essential medicines available and affordable on a sustainable basis

Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least developed countries and small island developing States

Health worker density and distribution

Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks

International Health Regulations (IHR) capacity and health emergency preparedness

Percentage of bloodstream infections due to selected antimicrobial-resistant organisms

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*

Goal 13

Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries

Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population

Number of countries that adopt and implement national disaster risk reduction strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030

Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national disaster risk reduction strategies

Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning

Number of countries with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications, as reported to the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Total greenhouse gas emissions per year

Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning

Extent to which (i) global citizenship education and (ii) education for sustainable development are mainstreamed in (a) national education policies; (b) curricula; (c) teacher education; and (d) student assessment

Number of countries that have communicated the strengthening of institutional, systemic and individual capacity-building to implement adaptation, mitigation and technology transfer, and development actions

Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible

Amounts provided and mobilized in United States dollars per year in relation to the continued existing collective mobilization goal of the $100 billion commitment through to 2025

Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities


* Acknowledging that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is the primary international,
intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate change.

Number of least developed countries and small island developing States with nationally determined contributions, long-term strategies, national adaptation plans and adaptation communications, as reported to the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Name Description
17.14 <p>Enhance policy coherence for sustainable development</p>

False

Action Network

Higher Education Sustainability Initiative

Smart

This initiative does not yet fulfil the SMART criteria.

Timeline

01 January 2018 (start date)

01 December 2020 (date of completion)

Entity

GLObal Systems Analysis and Simulation Association in the U.S.A. (GLOSAS/USA)&amp;#8232;

SDGs
Geographical coverage

Hoboken, New Jersey, USA, New York City, USA, Washington, DC, USA, Port Harcourt (Nigeria), Kumasi, (Ghana), Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

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